Imperialism and the Democratization Process in Africa

Notes

Adedeji, Adebayo, “The Case for Remaking Africa,” in Douglas Rimmer, ed., Action in Africa, London: James Currey and Heinemann, 1993, pp. 43-57.
Ayittey, George B. N., Africa Betrayed, New York: St. Martins, 1992.
Bing, Adotey, “Salim A. Salim on the OAU and the African Agenda,” Review of African Political Economy (50) (March 1991), pp. 60-69.
Bratton, Michael and Nicolas can de Walle, “Neopatrimonial Regimes and Political Transitions in Africa,” World Politics Vol. 46, (4) (July 1994), pp. 453-489.
Chalker, Lynda, “The Proper Role of Government,” in Douglas Rimmer, ed., Action in Africa, London: James Currey and Heinemann, 1993, pp. 23-28.
Cheru, Fantu, The Silent Revolution in Africa: Debt, Development and Democracy, London and Harare: Zed Press and Anvil, 1989.
Chomsky, Noam, “The Struggle for Democracy in a Changed World,” Review of African Political Economy (50) (March 1991), pp. 12-20.
Clough, Michael, Free at Last? U.S. Policy Toward Africa and the End of the Cold War New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1992.
Diamond, Larry, An American Foreign Policy for Democracy, Washington, D.C.: Progressive Policy Institute, Policy Report No. 11, July 1991.
Economic Commission for Africa, African Alternative Framework to Structural Adjustment Programmes (AAF-SAP), Addis Ababa: ECA Secretariat, 1989.
——————-, African Charter for Popular Participation in Development and Transformation, Addis Ababa: ECA Secretariat, 1990.
Ellis, Stephen, “Democracy in Africa: Achievements and Prospects,” in Douglas Rimmer, ed., Action in Africa, London: James Currey and Heinemann, 1993, pp. 133-143.
Fukuyama, Francis, “The End of History,” The National Interest (16) (Summer 1989), pp. 3-18.
Herbst, Jeffrey, U.S. Economic Policy Toward Africa, New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1992.
Huntington, Samuel, P. “The Clash of Civilizations?”, Foreign Affairs Vol. 73, (2) (Summer 1993), pp. 21-49.
Ihonvbere, Julius O., “Surviving at the Margins: Africa and the New Global Order,” Current World Leaders Vol. 35, (6) (December 1992), pp. 1053-1072.
————–, “Banking on Poverty and Crisis: The Impact of World Bank and IMF Policies on Sub-Saharan Africa.” Paper presented at the Third Annual Conference of the Campaign for Peace and Democracy on “Is a Democratic World Order Possible?”, New York City, April 17, 1993.
————–, “Between Debt and Disaster: The Politics of Africa’s Debt Crisis,” In Depth: A Journal for Values and Public Policy Vol. 4, (1) (Winter 1994), pp. 108-132.
————–, “The IMF, The World Bank and the Somali Crisis,” paper delivered at the conference on “Towards Conflict Resolution in the Horn of Africa,” Central Connecticut State University, New Britain, November 19, 1994.
Johnston, Harry, “Luncheon Remarks,” in William Minter, ed., U.S. Foreign Policy: An Africa Agenda, Washington, D.C.: Africa Policy Information Center, 1994, pp. 18-19.
Kaplan, Robert D., “The Coming Anarchy,” Atlantic Monthly (February 1994), pp. 44-76.
Martin, Guy, “Preface: Democratic Transitions in Africa,” Issue Vol. XXI, (2) (1993), pp. 6-7.
Mutua, Maku wa, “U.S. Foreign Policy Toward Africa: Building Democracy Through Popular Participation,” in William Minter, ed., U.S. Foreign Policy: An Africa Agenda, Washington, D.C.: Africa Policy Information Centre, 1994, pp. 13-17.
Obasanjo, Olusegun, “Prospects for Peace,” in ibid.
Organization of African Unity, Lagos Plan of Action for the Economic Development of Africa 1980-2000, Geneva: International Institute for Labour Studies, 1981.
Salim, Salim A., “Africa in Transition,” in William Minter, ed., U.S. Foreign Policy: An African Agenda, Washington, D.C.: Africa Policy Information Center, 1994, pp. 2-6.
Sandbrook, Richard, “Liberal Democracy in Africa: A Socialist-Revisionist Perspective,” Canadian Journal of African Studies Vol. 22 (1988), pp. 240-267.
—————-, The Politics of Africa’s Economic Recovery, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
—————-with J. Barker, The Politics of Africa’s Economic Stagnation, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.
—————–and Mohamed Halfani, eds., Empowering People: Building Community, Civil Associations and Legality in Africa, Toronto: Centre for Urban and Community Studies, University of Toronto, 1993.
Sirleaf, Ellen J., “Some Reflections on Africa and the Global Economy,” in William Minter, ed., U.S. Foreign Policy: An Africa Agenda, Washington, D.C.: Africa Policy Information Center, 1994, pp. 7-12.
United Nations, African Debt: The Case for Debt Relief New York: UN Africa Recovery Unit, Department of Information, 1991.
Walle, Nicolas van de, “Neopatrimonialism and Democracy in Africa, with an Illustration from Cameroon,” in Jennifer Widner, ed., Economic Change and Political Liberalization in Sub-Saharan Africa, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1994, pp. 129-157.
World Bank, Accelerated Development in Tropical Africa: An Agenda for Action, Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 1981.
———–, Sub-Saharan Africa: From Crisis to Sustainable Growth-A Long-Term Perspective Study, Washington D.C.: World Bank, 1989.